Yiziphi izindinganiso ze-ANSI, ISO, kanye ne-ASTM zama-bearings?

Izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe, njengezindinganiso ze-ASTM zamabheringi ezichaza ukuthi iyiphi iresiphi yensimbi okufanele isetshenziswe, zisiza abakhiqizi ukuthi benze umkhiqizo ohambisanayo.

 

Uma uke wafuna ama-bearings ku-inthanethi, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane nezincazelo zomkhiqizo mayelana nokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-ANSI, ISO, noma ze-ASTM. Uyazi ukuthi amazinga ayisibonakaliso sekhwalithi - kodwa ubani owawasungula, futhi asho ukuthini?

 

Izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zisiza abakhiqizi nabathengi. Abakhiqizi bazisebenzisa ukwenza nokuhlola izinto zokwakha nemikhiqizo ngendlela ehambisanayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Abathengi bazisebenzisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bathola ikhwalithi, imininingwane, kanye nokusebenza abakucelile.

 

IZINDINGANISO ZE-ANSI

I-American National Standards Institute, noma i-ANSI, inendlunkulu yayo eWashington, DC. Amalungu ayo ahlanganisa izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke, izinhlangano zikahulumeni, izinhlangano, kanye nabantu ngabanye. Yasungulwa ngo-1918 njenge-American Engineering Standards Committee lapho amalungu e-United Engineering Society kanye nohulumeni wase-US uMnyango Wezempi, Wezempi, kanye Nohwebo behlangana ukuze bakhe inhlangano yezindinganiso.

I-ANSI ayizidali izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ngokwayo. Kunalokho, iqondisa izindinganiso zaseMelika futhi izixhumanise nezamazwe ngamazwe. Igunyaza izindinganiso zezinye izinhlangano, iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu embonini uyavumelana ngokuthi indinganiso ethile ithinta kanjani imikhiqizo nezinqubo zabo. I-ANSI igunyaza kuphela izindinganiso ezibona zilungile futhi zivulekile ngokwanele.

I-ANSI yasiza ekusungulweni kwe-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Ingummeleli osemthethweni we-ISO wase-United States.

I-ANSI inezindinganiso ezingamakhulu amaningana ezihlobene nokuthwala ibhola.

 

AMAZINGA E-ISO

I-International Standards Organisation (ISO) eseSwitzerland ichaza amazinga ayo “njengefomula echaza indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza okuthile.” I-ISO yinhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ezimele, engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni edala amazinga omhlaba wonke. Izinhlangano zezindinganiso zikazwelonke eziyi-167, njenge-ANSI, zingamalungu e-ISO. I-ISO yasungulwa ngo-1947, ngemuva kokuba izithunywa ezivela emazweni angu-25 zihlangene ukuhlela ikusasa lokumiswa kwamazinga omhlaba wonke. Ngo-1951, i-ISO yadala indinganiso yayo yokuqala, i-ISO/R 1:1951, eyanquma izinga lokushisa elibhekiselwe ekulinganisweni kobude bezimboni. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-ISO idale amazinga acishe abe ngu-25,000 kuyo yonke inqubo, ubuchwepheshe, isevisi, kanye nemboni engacatshangwa. Izindinganiso zayo zisiza amabhizinisi ukwandisa ikhwalithi, ukusimama, kanye nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo yawo kanye nemikhuba yokusebenza. Kukhona ngisho nendlela ejwayelekile ye-ISO yokwenza inkomishi yetiye!

I-ISO inezindinganiso zokuthwala cishe ezingama-200. Amanye amazinga ayo amaningi (njengalawo aphathelene nensimbi kanye ne-ceramic) athinta ama-bearings ngokungaqondile.

 

IZINDINGANISO ZASE-ASTM

I-ASTM imele i-American Society for Testing and Materials, kodwa inhlangano esePennsylvania manje isiyi-ASTM International. Ichaza amazinga obuchwepheshe emazweni emhlabeni jikelele.

I-ASTM isuka ezitimeleni zesitimela zeNguquko Yezimboni. Ukungahambisani kwemizila yensimbi kwenza imizila yesitimela yasekuqaleni yaphuka. Ngo-1898, usokhemisi uCharles Benjamin Dudley wasungula i-ASTM neqembu lonjiniyela nososayensi ukuthola ikhambi lale nkinga eyingozi. Bakha isethi ejwayelekile yezincazelo zensimbi yesitimela. Eminyakeni engu-125 selokhu yasungulwa, i-ASTM ichaze amazinga angaphezu kuka-12,500 enanini elikhulu lemikhiqizo, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinqubo ezimbonini ezisukela ezinsimbini ezingavuthiwe kanye nophethiloli kuya emikhiqizweni yabathengi.

Noma ubani angajoyina i-ASTM, kusukela kumalungu omkhakha kuya kwezemfundo kanye nabeluleki. I-ASTM idala amazinga okuvumelana ngokuzithandela. Amalungu afinyelela esivumelwaneni esihlangene (ukuvumelana) ngokuthi indinganiso kufanele ibe yini. Izindinganiso ziyatholakala kunoma yimuphi umuntu noma ibhizinisi ukuze lizamukele (ngokuzithandela) ukuze liqondise izinqumo zabo.

I-ASTM inezindinganiso ezihlobene nebhola ezingaphezu kuka-150 kanye namaphepha e-symposium.

 

IZINDINGANISO ZE-ANSI, ISO, NE-ASTM ZIYAKUSIZA UKUTHENGA AMA-BERINGS ANGCONO KAKHULU

Izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ziqinisekisa ukuthi wena nomkhiqizi wezinsimbi nikhuluma ulimi olufanayo. Uma ufunda ukuthi izinsimbi zenziwe ngensimbi ye-chrome ye-SAE 52100, ungabheka indinganiso ye-ASTM A295 ukuze uthole ukuthi insimbi yenziwe kanjani nokuthi iqukethe izithako ezinjani. Uma umenzi ethi ama-roller bearings ayo anciphile ayizilinganiso ezichazwe yi-ISO 355:2019, uyazi kahle ukuthi uzothola usayizi ongakanani. Nakuba izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zingaba zobuchwepheshe kakhulu, ziyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxhumana nabahlinzeki nokuqonda ikhwalithi kanye nemininingwane yezingxenye ozithengayo.Ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela uvakashele iwebhu yethu: www.cwlbearing.com