Kuyini i-air bearing
Ukuthwala, Ngikholwa ukuthi wonke umuntu uzojwayelana, i-rolling bearing yethu evame ukusetshenziswa kufanele ibe yiyona ejwayelekile kakhulu, iyingxenye ebalulekile yemishini nemishini yesimanje. Ngakho-ke iyini i-air bearing?
Ukuthwala igesi: I-bearing engenalutho esebenzisa igesi njengento yokugcoba. Into yokugcoba igesi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu umoya, kodwa i-nitrogen, i-argon, i-hydrogen, i-helium noma i-carbon dioxide nayo ingasetshenziswa njengoba kudingeka.
Kuma-compressor egesi, ama-expander kanye nama-circulator, indawo yokusebenza ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-lubricant.
Ukuthwala komoya kubhekisela kubhereyi esekela umthwalo ngosizo lwefilimu yomoya ocindezelayo eyakhiwe phakathi kobuso bepheya elishelelayo lebheya, futhi ubuso bepheya elishelelayo buhlukaniswe ngokuphelele yifilimu yomoya lapho isebenza.
Ama-air bearing angokwama-fluid sliding bearing kuma-sliding bearing, agcotshwa ngoketshezi lapho esebenza, kanti indawo yawo yokugcoba umoya.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-air bearings
Ngokwendlela yokwakheka kwefilimu yomoya ocindezelwe, ama-air bearings ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili: ama-aerodynamic bearings kanye nama-aerostatic bearings.
Ifilimu yomoya ocindezelayo ye-aerodynamic bearing yakhiwa ngokuletha umoya endaweni yokuhlangana phakathi kwezindawo zama-sliding pairs ngokunyakaza okuhambisanayo kwama-sliding pairs, kanti ifilimu yomoya inomumo ofana nowe-wedge. Njengoba ama-aerodynamic bearing engadingi umthombo womoya wangaphandle, abizwa nangokuthi "ama-self-acting bearing".
Ifilimu yomoya ocindezelayo we-aerostatic bearing yakhiwa umoya ocindezelwe wangaphandle owethulwa nge-throttle phakathi kobuso be-sliding pair. Ama-aerostatic bearing adinga umoya wangaphandle ohlanzekile.
Izici zokuthwala umoya
(1) Ukumelana nokungqubuzana okuphansi kakhulu
Njengoba i-viscosity yegesi iphansi kakhulu kuneyoketshezi, i-viscosity yomoya ekamelweni lokushisa ingu-1/5000 kuphela yaleyo kawoyela wemishini onguNombolo 10, futhi ukumelana nokungqubuzana kwe-bearing kuhambelana ngqo ne-viscosity, ngakho-ke ukungqubuzana kwama-bearing egesi kuphansi kunokwama-bearing agcotshwe ngoketshezi.
(2) Uhla olubanzi lwezivinini ezisebenzayo
Ukumelana nokungqubuzana kwe-gas bearing kuphansi, ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuphansi, futhi ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa akudluli ku-20 ~ 30 °C uma ijubane liphezulu njengo-50,000 rpm, futhi ijubane liphakeme ngisho no-1.3 million rpm. Ama-hydrostatic bearing angasetshenziswa futhi ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu, ngisho nesivinini esingenalutho.
(3) Ububanzi obubanzi bamazinga okushisa afanele
Igesi ihlala ingumoya phezu kwamazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene, futhi ukuthambekela kwayo kuthinteka kancane yizinga lokushisa (ukuthambekela kuyanda kancane lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka, isib. kusukela ku-20°C kuya ku-100°C, ukuthambekela komoya kuyanda ngo-23%), ngakho-ke ama-bearings egesi angasetshenziswa ebangeni lokushisa elisukela ku--265°C kuya ku-1650°C.
(4) Umthamo ophansi wokuthwala
Umthamo wokuthwala we-hydrodynamic bearing ulingana ngqo ne-viscosity, futhi umthamo wokuthwala we-pneumatic bearing uyingxenye encane nje yobukhulu obufanayo be-hydrodynamic bearing. Ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwegesi, kunomkhawulo kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo we-gas dynamic bearing, futhi umthwalo ngeyunithi ngayinye indawo ebikezelwe ungakhushulwa kuphela ube yi-0.36 MPa.
(5) Izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu kokucubungula
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuthwala umthwalo kanye nokuqina kwefilimu yomoya yama-gas bearing, isikhala sama-bearing (ngaphansi kuka-0.015 mm) sivame ukusetshenziswa sama-liquid-lubricated clearance, futhi ukunemba kwezingxenye kudinga ukuthuthukiswa ngokufanele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-air bearings
Ukuthwala umoya uhlobo olusha lokuthwala olusebenzisa amandla anamandla okunwebeka komoya ukuze ludlale indima esekelayo.
Okuwukuphela kwento yokuthambisa esetshenziswayo umoya; Ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe bokuthwala umoya bufanelekela izinto zokusebenza okungamelwe zingcoliswe noma ezindaweni zokusebenza.
Kuma-air bearing, amabhola athathelwa indawo ama-air cushion. Mhlawumbe enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezaziwa kakhulu zama-air bearing yi-hovercraft.
Ifeni enkulu ivuthela umoya ngaphansi kwesikebhe somoya ohambayo, ivimba ukuphuma komoya nge-"skirt" yerabha enwebekayo. Umfutho womoya ophezulu okhiqizwa ngaphansi kwesikebhe somoya ohambayo usekela isisindo sesikebhe futhi ngaleyo ndlela usenze sintante phezu komcamelo womoya.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-gas bearings kuya ngokuya kuba banzi futhi kuye kwafundwa kabanzi nangokujulile. Njengamanje, ama-gas bearings angasetshenziswa emishinini yendwangu, emishinini yekhebula, kumathuluzi omshini wezinsimbi, kuma-gyroscope, kuma-centrifugal separator asheshayo, kuma-dental drill, kumafriji asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kuma-hydrogen expanders kanye nama-gas circulator asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-28-2025
