izindaba

Kuyini uphawu lwamafutha, izici eziyisisekelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kophawu lwamafutha

 

Kuyini uphawu lwamafutha

Iuphawu lwamafuthakuyinto yokuvala esetshenziselwa ukuvala umgodi ojikelezayo emishinini yemishini, futhi umgodi awumi, ngakho-ke uphawu lwamafutha lubizwa nangokuthi uphawu lomlomo womgodi ojikelezayo.

Izivalo zikawoyela zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela uwoyela ekuphumeni kwezikhala emshinini, kanti izivalo zikawoyela zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amanzi namakhemikhali ekungeneni engxenyeni yokungqubuzana komshini, kanye nothuli nesihlabathi somhlabathi esivela ngaphandle.

Isimo sokuvala se-oyela, okokuqala, siyisivalo esingaguquki phakathi komphetho wangaphandle wesivalo samafutha kanye nomgodi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo siqinisekisa indawo ethembekile yomphetho wangaphandle wesivalo samafutha phakathi kwemigodi. Esesibili isimo sokuvala phakathi komlomo wesivalo samafutha kanye nomgodi, lapho umgoqo ujikeleza, uba isivalo esiguquguqukayo, futhi lapho umgoqo ungashintshi, uba isivalo esingaguquki. Umphumela ohlangene wezinto ezahlukahlukene ezithonya kanye nokusebenzisana kwazo kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokuvala kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yezivalo zamafutha.

 

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezimpawu zamafutha

Isetshenziselwa ukuvala ama-crankshaft enjini kanye nama-camshaft

Ukuvalwa kwezinhlelo zokudlulisa (isb. amabhokisi egiya, ama-wheel hub, ama-axle, ama-differentials) ezimotweni, izithuthuthu kanye nezimoto zezentengiselwano

Izimpawu zezinhlelo zokudlulisa imishini yezolimo kanye nemishini yokwakha efana ne-forklifts, i-excavators, njll.

Ukuvalwa kwamabhokisi egiya ukuze asetshenziswe ezimbonini

Ukuvalwa kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic (amaphampu, ama-motor).

Ukuvalwa kwemishini yokuwasha ukuze isetshenziswe nsuku zonke

Isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yobunjiniyela bemishini kanye nokucubungula imishini

 

Izici eziyinhloko zezimpawu zikawoyela

Ingxenye engaphandle yesivalo samafutha iyisilinda ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okungaguquki kwesikhala - umkhawulo wangaphandle wezambathi wesakhiwo sensimbi sangaphakathi uyamukelwa; Umkhawulo wangaphandle wesakhiwo sensimbi esiveziwe upholishwe kakhulu futhi umbozwe ngengubo yokulwa nokugqwala.

Izindebe zokuvala ezigcwele intwasahlobo ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokuvala ukuze kuvikelwe imiphini ngendlela eguquguqukayo nengaguquki. Ngenxa yocwaningo lwentuthuko yesikhathi eside, isakhiwo sezindebe zesivalo samafutha sithuthukisiwe saba ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwesivalo ebangeni elibanzi lomthwalo.

Ukwengezwa kwezindebe zothuli, noma ezimweni ezikhethekile, izindebe eziningi zothuli kuvimbela ukungena kwezinto ezingcolisayo zangaphandle kanye nothuli.

 

Amajeneretha e-turbine apholile nge-hydrogen kumele avalwe ngowoyela wokuvala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hydrogen ayivuzi ngaphakathi kwejeneretha futhi ivimbele umoya nomswakama ukuthi kungangeni kujeneretha. Uhlelo lwamafutha okuvala lwejeneretha ye-turbine yesitimu lusebenzisa isakhiwo sethayela lokuvala indandatho ephindwe kabili, esinomphumela omuhle wokuvala kanye nobubanzi bokulungiswa okubanzi, futhi siwumkhiqizo ovuthiwe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma isakhiwo singaqondwa kahle, ukusebenza okungafanele kungabangela nezingozi zokungena kukawoyela ngaphakathi kwejeneretha. Ikakhulukazi uma kungekho ngcindezi ngaphakathi kwejeneretha, izinga likawoyela lethangi likawoyela elivaliwe akulula ukulilawula, futhi uwoyela wokuvala kulula ukungena ngaphakathi kwejeneretha ngendlela ye-axial. Ukungena kukawoyela ngaphakathi kwejeneretha kuyingozi embi futhi kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína. Okulandelayo yisingeniso ohlelweni lwamafutha okuvala ijeneretha, izizathu zokungena kukawoyela ngaphakathi kwejeneretha kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela.

 

Isingeniso ohlelweni lwamafutha okuvala

Uhlelo lwamafutha okuvala lusebenzisa ama-double flow ring sealing pads. Njengoba i-rotor shaft yejeneretha epholile nge-hydrogen kumele idlule esikhaleni sokugcina sejeneretha, le ngxenye iba yisihluthulelo sokuvala ijeneretha yokupholisa yangaphakathi ye-hydrogen. Uwoyela wokuvala uhlukaniswe ngamasekethe amabili kawoyela, ohlangothini lomoya kanye nohlangothi lwe-hydrogen, futhi uwoyela unikezwa emifuleni emibili yokusabalalisa uwoyela ephepheni lokuvala lomgodi, futhi uwoyela ugeleza ngendlela ye-axial ye-shaft ngesikhala esiphakathi kobubanzi bangaphakathi bephedi lokuvala kanye nomgodi ojikelezayo. Uma ingcindezi kawoyela kulezi zifunda ezimbili zikawoyela ilingana ncamashi nephedi lokuvala, uwoyela ngeke ugeleze esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamatangi amabili okusabalalisa uwoyela, futhi ngokuvamile uma nje ingcindezi kawoyela wokuvala ihlala iphakeme kunengcindezi yegesi emshinini, i-hydrogen ingavinjelwa ekuvaleni uhlelo lwamafutha lwejeneretha yamandla.